«Everyone wants to know how to build the next Silicon Valley: an innovation hub that draws talent and capital, and that creates jobs, companies, and whole new industries. Developed-country governments scramble to subsidize technology that could be the Next Big Thing. Emerging-market policymakers hope that incentives like tax breaks and free land will induce innovators to settle and prosper there. But most of these well-meaning schemes are missing an essential ingredient: demand. Demand for innovation in specific areas of technology has been the common force behind all high-tech hot spots, as well as the most important inventions. Technological breakthroughs such as antibiotics and cars responded to a compelling need felt by a huge number of consumers. Government projects such as the United States’ Apollo program – intended to put a man on the moon – drove demand for more basic technologies (which are simply inventions that no one has asked for yet). Silicon Valley itself was built on demand. The US Department of Defense put up tens of billions of dollars in contracts for microelectronics, a commitment that both paid down innovators’ risk and created an infrastructure that would support the growth of start-ups. All demand is not created equal, though, and it is instructive to examine the differences. Consumer or market-driven demand – the kind most of us think of when we hear the word – is far less predictable, and therefore much riskier, than state-sponsored demand of the sort that landed a man on the moon». Exactly what I have been teaching my students: Τhe American innovation model is demand-driven; it is based on the use of quotas in favor of innovative SMEs in public procurement in order to create niche markets in the beginning and then expand, and of fiscal stimulus targeted towards long-term industrial initiatives. Note that it is not a bureaucrat speaking here, but a Chief Technology Officer of the private sector. Αυτό ακριβώς διδάσκω στους φοιτητές μου: Το Αμερικανικό μοντέλο καινοτομίας κινείται από τη ζήτηση: βασίζεται στη χρήση ποσοστώσεων υπέρ καινοτόμων ΜΜΕ στις δημόσιες προμήθειες προκειμένου να δημιουργήσει στην αρχή μια μικρή αγορά για καινοτόμα προϊόντα, που κατόπιν θα εξαπλωθεί, καθώς και στη χρήση προγραμμάτων δημοσιονομικής τόνωσης, στοχευμένων σε μακροπρόθεσμες βιομηχανικές πρωτοβουλίες. Σημειώστε ότι εδώ δεν μιλάει ένας γραφειοκράτης, αλλά ένα στέλεχος του ιδιωτικού τομέα υπεύθυνο για τεχνολογικές λύσεις.
Posted on: Wed, 24 Jul 2013 15:59:44 +0000
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