Subject: When fairness replaces freedom, all our liberties are in danger. Fairness is strictly in the eye of the beholder. Who decides? This classic article by Dr. Milton Friedman, the winner of the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science, originally appeared in the July 4, 1977 issue of Newsweek and in other leading publications. It concisely explains the extreme danger of replacing the pursuit of “freedom” with the pursuit of “fairness.” The important distinction of these two values is enormous and was clearly understood by America’s Founders. Unfortunately, the de facto Marxist/Socialist/Leftists have been gradually moving uninformed public opinion in the wrong direction — promoting the high-minded goals of fairness, justice, and equality — which will only serve to diminish America’s freedom. . . . The American experiment in government of a free people is based solidly on the principle of individual freedom. Americans should not be mislead by the Leftist advocates’ of “fairness.” Take a couple minutes to read Friedman’s keen explanation of the “freedom” vs. “fairness” argument. – WAP 8-1-11 Fair versus Free by Milton Friedman The Federal Communications Commission seeks to enforce a fairness doctrine on radio and TV stations. We suffered numerous fair trade laws, until they were declared unenforceable. One businessman vies with another in proclaiming his faith in competition — provided that it is fair. Yet, scrutinize word for word the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights, and you will not find the word fair. The First Amendment does not protect the fair exercise of religion, but the free exercise thereof; it does not restrain Congress from abridging the fairness of speech or of the press, but the freedom of speech or of the press. The modern tendency to substitute fair for free reveals how far we have moved from the initial conception of the Founding Fathers. They viewed government as policeman and umpire. They sought to establish a framework within which individuals could pursue their own objectives in their own way, separately or through voluntary cooperation, provided only that they did not interfere with the freedom of others to do likewise. The modern conception is very different. Government has become Big Brother. Its function has become to protect the citizen, not merely from his fellows, but from himself, whether he wants to be protected or not. Government is not simply an umpire but an active participant, entering into every nook and cranny of social and economic activity. All this, in order to promote the high-minded goals of fairness, justice, equality. Does this not constitute progress? A move toward a more humane society? Quite the contrary. When fairness replaces freedom, all our liberties are in danger. In Walden, Thoreau says: If I knew for a certainty that a man was coming to my house with the conscious design of doing me good, I should run for my life. That is the way I feel when I hear my servants in Washington assuring me of the fairness of their edicts. There is no objective standard of fairness. Fairness is strictly in the eye of the beholder. If speech must be fair, then it cannot also be free; someone must decide what is fair. A radio station is not free to transmit unfair speech — as judged by the bureaucrats at the Federal Communications Commission. If the printed press were subject to a comparable fairness doctrine, it would have to be controlled by a government bureau and our vaunted free press would soon become a historical curiosity. What is true for speech — where the conflict is perhaps clearest — is equally true for every other area. To a producer or seller, a fair price is a high price. To the buyer or consumer, a fair price is a low price. How is the conflict to be adjudicated? By competition in a free market? Or by government bureaucrats in a fair market? Businessmen who sing the glories of free enterprise and then demand fair competition are enemies, not friends, of free markets. To them, fair competition is a euphemism for a price-fixing agreement. They are exemplifying Adam Smiths remark that People of the same trade seldom meet together, even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public, or in some contrivance to raise prices. For consumers, the more unfair the competition, the better. That assures lowest prices and highest quality. Is then the search for fairness all a mistake? Not at all. There is a real role for fairness, but that role is in constructing general rules and adjudicating disputes about the rules, not in determining the outcome of our separate activities. That is the sense in which we speak of a fair game and fair umpire. If we applied the present doctrine of fairness to a football game, the referee would be required after each play to move the ball backward or forward enough to make sure that the game ended in a draw! Our Founding Fathers designed a fair Constitution to protect human freedom. In Thomas Jeffersons ringing phrases from the Declaration of Independence, Governments are instituted among Men ... to secure ... certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. Milton Friedman, the winner of the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science, is the author of Capitalism and Freedom and Free to Choose . This piece originally appeared in the July 4, 1977 issue of Newsweek and was reprinted in Bright Promises, Dismal Performances: An Economists Protest, a collection of his articles. Copyright 1983 by Thomas Horton and Daughters, 26662 South New Town Drive, Sun Lakes, AZ 85224. Reprinted by permission.
Posted on: Wed, 29 Jan 2014 05:00:32 +0000
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