With all the news about EBOLA, here is some information I researched. Kind of long. Ebola virus disease (EVD), Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) or simply Ebola is a disease of humans and other mammals caused by an ebolavirus ebolaviruses.[1] Five species are known, and four of these cause Ebola virus disease (EVD) in humans 1, Ebola virus (EBOV) Formerly known as Zaire virus or Zaire ebolavirus, has the highest case-fatality rate, up to 90% 2. Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV) Like EBOV, SUDV emerged in 1976; it was at first assumed to be identical with EBOV.[9] SUDV is believed to have broken out first amongst cotton factory workers in Nzara, Sudan (now in South Sudan), in June 1976, with the first case reported as a worker exposed to a potential natural reservoir. Scientists tested local animals and insects in response to this; however, none tested positive for the virus. The carrier is still unknown. The lack of barrier nursing (or bedside isolation) facilitated the spread of the disease. The most recent outbreak occurred in August, 2014. Thirteen cases were reported in Djera, Democratic Republic of Congo.[10] The average fatality rates for SUDV were 54% in 1976, 68% in 1979, and 53% in 2000 and 2001. 3. Reston ebolavirus (RESTV) This virus was discovered during an outbreak of simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) in crab-eating macaques from Hazleton Laboratories (now Covance) in 1989. Since the initial outbreak in Reston, Virginia, it has since been found in nonhuman primates in Pennsylvania, Texas, and Siena, Italy. In each case, the affected animals had been imported from a facility in the Philippines,[11] where the virus has also infected pigs.[12] Despite its status as a Level‑4 organism and its apparent pathogenicity in monkeys, RESTV did not cause disease in exposed human laboratory workers.[. 4. Taï Forest ebolavirus (TAFV)Formerly known as as Côte dIvoire ebolavirus, it was first discovered among chimpanzees from the Tai Forest in Côte dIvoire, Africa, in 1994. Necropsies showed blood within the heart to be brown; no obvious marks were seen on the organs; and one necropsy displayed lungs filled with blood. Studies of tissues taken from the chimpanzees showed results similar to human cases during the 1976 Ebola outbreaks in Zaire and Sudan. As more dead chimpanzees were discovered, many tested positive for Ebola using molecular techniques. The source of the virus was believed to be the meat of infected western red colobus monkeys 5. Bundibugyo ebolavirus (BDBV)On November 24, 2007, the Uganda Ministry of Health confirmed an outbreak of Ebola in the Bundibugyo District. After confirmation of samples tested by the United States National Reference Laboratories and the CDC, the World Health Organization confirmed the presence of the new species. On 20 February 2008, the Uganda Ministry officially announced the end of the epidemic in Bundibugyo, with the last infected person discharged on 8 January 2008
Posted on: Wed, 15 Oct 2014 22:00:16 +0000
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