https://youtube/watch?v=VqecaHjl73s I found some interesting clues All you have to do to find out who you are is just look around smell, feel, see taste, you are here to learn: Sage (sophos) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A sage (Ancient Greek: σοφός, sophos), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained the wisdom which a philosopher seeks. The first to make this distinction is Plato within the Symposium. While analyzing the concept of love, Plato concludes love is that which lacks the object it seeks. Therefore, the philosopher (Ancient Greek: φιλόσοφος, meaning lover of wisdom) does not have the wisdom sought, while the sage, on the other hand, does not love or seek wisdom, for it is already possessed. Plato then examines the two categories of persons who do not do philosophy: Gods and sages, because they are wise; senseless people, because they think they are wise. The position of the philosopher is between these two groups. The philosopher is not wise, but possesses the self-awareness of lacking wisdom, and thus pursues it. This distinction between the philosopher and the sage played an important part in Stoicism.[1] In Stoicism[edit] “ It is the view of Zeno and his Stoic followers that there are two races of men, that of the worthwhile, and that of the worthless. The race of the worthwhile employ the virtues through all of their lives, while the race of the worthless employ the vices. Hence the worthwhile always do the right thing on which they embark, while the worthless do wrong. ” —Arius Didymus[2] The aim of Stoicism was to live a life of virtue, where virtue consists in a will that is in agreement with Nature.[3] As such, the sage is one who has attained such a state of being and whose life consequently becomes tranquil. The standard was so high that Stoics were unsure whether one had ever existed, if so, possibly only Socrates or Diogenes of Sinope had achieved such a state.[4] Despite this, the Stoics regarded sages as the only virtuous and happy humans. All others are regarded as fools, morally vicious, slaves and unfortunate.[5][6] The Stoics did not admit any middle ground, as Cicero articulated the concept: every non-sage is mad.[7] The Stoics conceived of the sage as an individual beyond any possibility of harm from fate. The difficulties of life faced by other humans (illness, poverty, criticism, bad reputation, death, etc.) could not cause a sage any sorrow, and the circumstances of life sought by other people (good health, wealth, praise, fame, long life, etc.) were regarded by the Stoic sage as unnecessary externals. This indifference to externals was achieved by the sage through the correct knowledge of impressions, a core concept in Stoic epistemology.[8] Thus, the sages happiness, eudaimonia, was based entirely on virtue.[9] The difficulty of becoming a sage was often discussed in Stoicism. When Panaetius, the seventh and final scholarch of the Stoa, was asked by a young man whether a sage would fall in love, he responded by saying: As to the wise man, we shall see. What concerns you and me, who are still a great distance from the wise man, is to ensure that we do not fall into a state of affairs which is disturbed, powerless, subservient to another and worthless to oneself.[10] Epictetus claims that only after the removal of any attachments to things in the external world could a Stoic truly possess friendship[11] - this state of indifference to externals would be sagacity. Stoicism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This is a good article. Click here for more information. Zeno of Citium, cast in Pushkin Museum in Moscow from original in Naples. Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC. The Stoics taught that destructive emotions resulted from errors in judgment, and that a sage, or person of moral and intellectual perfection, would not suffer such emotions.[1] Stoics were concerned with the active relationship between cosmic determinism and human freedom, and the belief that it is virtuous to maintain a will (called prohairesis) that is in accord with nature. Because of this, the Stoics presented their philosophy as a way of life, and they thought that the best indication of an individuals philosophy was not what a person said but how that person behaved.[2] Later Stoics—such as Seneca and Epictetus—emphasized that, because virtue is sufficient for happiness, a sage was immune to misfortune. This belief is similar to the meaning of the phrase stoic calm, though the phrase does not include the radical ethical Stoic views that only a sage can be considered truly free, and that all moral corruptions are equally vicious.[1] From its founding, Stoic doctrine was popular with a following in Roman Greece and throughout the Roman Empire — including the Emperor Marcus Aurelius — until the closing of all pagan philosophy schools in 529 CE by order of the Emperor Justinian I, who perceived their pagan character as being at odds with the Christian faith.[3][4]
Posted on: Tue, 09 Dec 2014 16:35:03 +0000
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