CHAPTER 1 Management the art of getting things done through people(Prof. Mary parker Follet) the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling Is management is an art or science? Types of manager First level managers- are the lowest level of management. Middle managers- lead the activities of the supervisors, and in some cases, those of the workers. Top managers- are the top executive of the organization. Function of management Planning- focused on profits, costs, efficiency and customer satisfaction. Organizing- the function which involve the allocation of the productive resources, and the setting up of the structure of the organization. Staffing – is concern with the evaluation, selection, and development of employees to fit the needs of the organizational structure. Directing- is motivating people to do their jobs towards the attainment of the goals of the organization. Controlling- is a process of measuring and correcting actual performance against standard established by the organization. Manager’s roles interpersonal roles- all managers are required to perform duties The figurehead role- role which is assumed by managers when they represent their respective units in the outside world in ceremonial and civic activities. Leadership role- is the role played by manager when they initiate and coordinate activities in their units. Liaison role- is needed by unit heads when they interact with persons in other units within and outside the organization. Information roles- all managers will , to some degree, receive and collect information from the organization and institution outside its own. Monitor role- people in the managerial position are centrally located in the flow of information from the organization, both the upper and the lower levels. Disseminator role- since the information flowing from various sources converges in managerial position; managers tend to have a key role in transmitting and disseminating such information to other parts of the organization. Spokesperson role- the manager’s leadership position in the organization requires them to represent and speaks from their units vis-a –vis other of the organization and outsiders. Decisional role- revolves around the making of choice. Entrepreneurial role- managers play a key role in the identification of the new opportunities and the development of these into new products, services, methods or activities within their organization. Problem solver- managers are called upon to identify solutions and to take action to overcome the continuous stream of problems. Resource allocator-managers exercise a key role in the distribution of funds, personnel, material and other organizational resources among competing uses in the organization. Negotiator- since managers is often dependent on other persons, both within and outside the organization over whom they exercise authority. Management Skills Technical skill- refers to the knowledge of and ability to use the processes, practices, procedures, techniques, and tools of a specialized field. Human skills- refer to the human relations. it is the ability to work effectively with people. Conceptual skills- is the ability to understand the interrelationship and interdependence of the various parts of the whole organization. Developing managers People are the most important productive resources. Effectiveness- doing the right thing. Efficiency- doing things right. Managers should not only be taught how to improve their knowledge and skills, but also how to enrich their attitude and value. The role of the management We have resources like money, machine, manpower, materials and method. To make resources – human, physical and financial- useful, these should be used in the creation of goods and services in order to benefit both society and the economy. Resources are scarce and expensive. Management is not only concerned with production of goods and services. Management is also needed in the marketing of goods and services. The job of management Management has 3 jobs: to manage business to manage managers to manage workers and work. The challenge to management global competition among enterprise The key to global competitiveness is innovation. CHAPTER 2 Personality traits - your personality is what makes you different from other people. Being cooperative- employees have to work with other people as part of a team. the success of one team member depends in part on the other team members. Having a good attitude- during the job interview, many employers try to determine the applicant’s attitude. Attitude refers to a person’s outlook disposition, or normal frame of mind. if you have positive attitude, you usually a better employee. Being dependable- A dependable person is one who does what is expected at the appropriate times. a dependable worker can be given a task to do and can be counted on to do it. Using good judgement- Employees to solve minor problems on their own and make decisions about their work. to find the best solution and make the best decisions, you need to use good judgement. know the nature of the problem t be solved consider the various choices available think about the possible results of the choices you might make remember similar decisions you have made in the past make your decision Decision-making- is involved whenever you have to decide which is several tasks you should complete first. Being confident- as you gain confidence, you will learn to work under pressure without losing self- control. Maintaining poise- poise is the ability to appear calm, composed and confident even though you may feel tense, nervous, or unsure of yourself. Having initiative- is the ability to begin or follow through with a task without being told to so.. Initiative is very valuable asset for an office worker. Professional appearance- your personal appearance is important. Appearance may also be related to other personal qualities. Most people can improve their appearance by paying attention to their clothes and accessories, hair, personal hygiene and health. Clothing and accessories- A well-dressed person is one who wears clean, neat-appearing clothes that are appropriate for the situation. Hair- well-cared for hair is always flattering. Personal hygiene- your daily routine should include a bath or shower. Personal health- you need wee-balance diet, regular exercise and sufficient sleep to maintain your health. Professional behaviour Another factor that contributes to the success of every business . Using good work habits- you can increase your productivity using a good work habit and you can being develop right now. Assuming responsibility- you can increase your value as a worker by assuming your responsibilities cheerfully and carrying out efficiently. Professional etiquette- it is important you to have a professional manner. Courtesy- refers to the way you treat others in the office. Consideration- being considerate means that you think about the needs and feelings of other. This means that you avoid behaviour such as loud talking. Tact- a person who has tact is sensitive to situations and act of speaks in such a way so as not to offend anyone. Discretion- using a good judgement in speaking and acting. For example your supervisor is away on business, it is not appropriate for you to tell a caller where your supervisor is. even if the caller asks. CHAPTER 3 THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN MANAGEMENT Communication has a various forms and style. It can be through gesturing, facial expression, signs, or symbols. Life without communication is inconceivable. it would not only be boring , but it would be dead world. COMMUNICATION is the transmission of information and understanding from one person or group to another. There are two parties of communication: the sender- transmit the message to the receiver the receiver- who receive the message and give a feedback from the sender. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS In its simplest form, communication has three essential elements.: If one element is missing there is no communication. For instance, when the message does not reach the receiver there is no communication. To avoid misunderstanding s in an organization, the message should be clear and specific. The communication process TYPES OF COMMUNICATION There are various types of communication. These are also called the media or channel of sending message. non- verbal – refers to the information without the use of word, such as: gestures and postures facial expressions and eye movement touch use of space use of time dress and personal grooming verbal- pertain to information with the use of words, like: oral: telephone face to face written: letter report memorandum oral and written: electronic THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION Manager need complete and correct information in order to perform their functions efficiently and effectively. If such information is not properly communicated, the whole organization suffer from misunderstanding. Decision-making is a crucial function of management. It greatly depends on accurate information. Wrong information means wrong decisions. The purpose of business is to create customer. CONVERSATION SKILLS- involve effective speaking, listening, and nonverbal communication. effective speaking Speaking is a tool that can be polished and refine to help you communicate more effectively. Some common speaking problem talking through the nose speaking too quietly swallowing words talking in a monotonous tone speaking at fast and slow pace using filler like um.. okay mispronouncing words speak clearly vary the tone of your voice effective listening eliminate distraction from your speech plan your message effective listening tune in to the speaker screen out distraction ask questions Reading comprehension reading is the means of obtaining information through the written or printed word. Developing the reading skills choose a good reading environment make a preliminary survey define your purpose concentrate on what you are reading Writing skills completeness clear language correctness conciseness courteousness RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SENDER knowing the purpose of communicating knowing the receiver choosing the appropriate medium select the proper time of communicating RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE RECEIVER to listen to the sender and concentrate on the message to respect and understand the sender to suggest proper medium to react to the message BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION individual variation in perception different in language presence of noise emotional reactions verbal communication inconsistent with non-verbal communication credibility of the sender FACTORS IN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION formal channel of communication authority structure job specification information ownership TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION vertical communication lateral communication TEN COMMANDMENTS OF A GOOD COMMUNICATION Make your ideas clear before communicating. Study the through purpose of each communication. Consider the total physical and human setting whenever you communicate. Plan your communication with the help of an expert. Beware of your voice, expression, choice of words, content of your message, among others, while you communicate. Convey something of value or immediate benefits to receiver. Encourage the receiver to express his reaction. Your communication should be consistent with long range interest and goals. Support your communication with action that is do what you say. Be a good listener.
Posted on: Thu, 18 Jul 2013 04:37:39 +0000
Trending Topics
Recently Viewed Topics
© 2015