A Muslim, sometimes spelled Moslem,[1] is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the Quran. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God as revealed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. They also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad as recorded in traditional accounts called hadith.[2] Muslim is an Arabic word meaning one who submits to God. A female Muslim is sometimes called a Muslimah. Muslims believe that God (Arabic: الله Allāh) is eternal, transcendent and absolutely one (monotheism). They hold that God is incomparable, self-sustaining and neither begets nor was begotten. They also believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that has been revealed before through many prophets including Abraham, Moses, Ishmael and Jesus.[3] Muslims also believe that these previous messages and revelations have been partially changed or corrupted over time[4] and that the Quran is the final unaltered revelation from God (The Final Testament).[5] Most Muslims accept as a Muslim anyone who has publicly pronounced the Shahadah (declaration of faith) which states: There is no god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God.[6] The religious practices of Muslims are enumerated in the Five Pillars of Islam, which, in addition to Shahadah, consist of daily prayers (salat), fasting during Ramadan (sawm), almsgiving (zakat), and the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime.[7][8] Contents [hide] 1 Etymology 2 Other words for Muslim 3 Meaning 3.1 Used to describe earlier prophets in the Quran 4 Demographics 5 See also 6 References and notes 7 External links Etymology See also: Islam § Etymology and meaning The word muslim (Arabic: مسلم, IPA: [ˈmʊslɪm]; English /ˈmʌzlɨm/, /ˈmʊzlɨm/, /ˈmʊslɨm/ or moslem /ˈmɒzləm/, /ˈmɒsləm/[9]) is the participle of the same verb of which islām is the infinitive, based on the triliteral S-L-M to be whole, intact.[10][11] A female adherent is a muslima (Arabic: مسلمة). The plural form in Arabic is muslimūn (مسلمون), and its feminine equivalent is muslimāt (مسلمات). The Arabic form muslimun is the stem IV participle[12] of the triliteral S-L-M. Other words for Muslim The ordinary word in English is Muslim. It is sometimes transliterated as Moslem, which is an older spelling.[13] The word Mosalman (Persian: مسلمان, alternatively Mussalman) is a common equivalent for Muslim used in Central Asia. Until at least the mid-1960s, many English-language writers used the term Mohammedans or Mahometans.[14] Although such terms were not necessarily intended to be pejorative, Muslims argue that the terms are offensive because they allegedly imply that Muslims worship Muhammad rather than God.[15] Meaning Afghan Muslims praying inside Gardens of Babur in Kabul, Afghanistan. In defining Muslim, the Sufi spiritual leader Ibn Arabi said: A Muslim is a person who has dedicated his worship exclusively to God...Islam means making ones religion and faith Gods alone.[16] Used to describe earlier prophets in the Quran The Quran describes many prophets and messengers as well as their respective followers as Muslim: Adam, Noah, Abraham, Jacob, Moses and Jesus and his apostles are all considered to be Muslims in the Quran. The Quran states that these men were Muslims because they submitted to God, preached His message and upheld His values, which included praying, charity, fasting and pilgrimage. Thus, in Surah 3:52 of the Quran, Jesus’ disciples tell Jesus, We believe in God; and you be our witness that we are Muslims (wa-shahad be anna muslimūn). In Muslim belief, before the Quran, God had given the Torah to Moses, the Psalms to David and the Gospel to Jesus, who are all considered important Muslim prophets. Demographics World Muslim population by percentage (Pew Research Center, 2009). Main article: Islam § Demographics See also: List of countries by Muslim population About 13% of Muslims live in Indonesia, the largest Muslim country,[17] 25% in South Asia,[17] 20% in the Middle East and North Africa,[17][18] 2% in Central Asia, 4% in the remaining South East Asian countries, and 15% in Sub-saharan Africa.[17] Sizable communities are also found in China and Russia, and parts of the Caribbean. Converts and immigrant communities are found in almost every part of the world. The majority of Muslims are Sunni, being over 75–90% of all Muslims.[19][20] The second and third largest sects, Shia and Ahmadiyya, make up 10–20%,[21] and 1%[22] respectively. The most populous Muslim-majority country is Indonesia home to 12.7% of the worlds Muslims followed by Pakistan (11.0%), Bangladesh (9.2%), and Egypt (4.9%).[23] Sizable minorities are also found in India, China, Russia, Ethiopia, Americas, Australia and parts of Europe. With about 1.6 billion followers, almost a quarter of earths population,[17][24][25] Islam is the second-largest and one of the fastest-growing religions in the world.[26][27][28] See also Islamic schools and branches Lists of Muslims Muslim holidays Muslim world Musulman References and notes 1.Jump up ^ thefreedictionary: muslim 2.Jump up ^ The Qurʼan and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selections Annotated & Explained. SkyLight Paths Publishing. 2007. pp. 21–. ISBN 978-1-59473-222-5. Retrieved 31 August 2013. 3.Jump up ^ People of the Book. Islam: Empire of Faith. PBS. Retrieved 2010-12-18. 4.Jump up ^ See: Accad (2003): According to Ibn Taymiyya, although only some Muslims accept the textual veracity of the entire Bible, most Muslims will grant the veracity of most of it. Esposito (1998), pp.6,12 Esposito (2002b), pp.4–5 F. E. Peters (2003), p.9 F. Buhl; A. T. Welch. Muhammad. Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. Hava Lazarus-Yafeh. Tahrif. Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. 5.Jump up ^ Submission.org, Quran: The Final Testament, Authorized English Version with Arabic Text, Revised Edition IV,ISBN 0-9729209-2-7, p. x. 6.Jump up ^ Arabic phrases and about Islam. essaouira.nu. 7.Jump up ^ Hooker, Richard (July 14, 1999). arkan ad-din the five pillars of religion. United States: Washington State University. Archived from the original on 2010-12-03. Retrieved 2010-11-17. 8.Jump up ^ Religions. The World Factbook. United States: Central Intelligence Agency. 2010. Retrieved 2010-08-25. 9.Jump up ^ dictionary.reference: muslim /ˈmʌzlɨm/, /ˈmʊzlɨm/, /ˈmʊslɨm/; moslem /ˈmɒzləm/, /ˈmɒsləm/ 10.Jump up ^ Burns & Ralph, World Civilizations, 5th ed., p. 371. 11.Jump up ^ Entry for šlm, p. 2067, Appendix B: Semitic Roots, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed., Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ISBN 0-618-08230-1. 12.Jump up ^ also known as infinitive, cf. Burns & Ralph, World Civilizations, 5th ed., p. 371 13.Jump up ^ Reporting Diversity guide for journalists (PDF). Retrieved 2010-03-17. 14.Jump up ^ See for instance the second edition of A Dictionary of Modern English Usage by H. W. Fowler, revised by Ernest Gowers (Oxford, 1965)). 15.Jump up ^ Gibb, Sir Hamilton (1969). Mohammedanism: an historical survey. Oxford University Press. p. 1. Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ. 16.Jump up ^ Commentary on the Quran, Razi, I, p. 432, Cairo, 1318/1900 17.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Miller, Tracy, ed. (October 2009). Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population (PDF). Pew Research Center. pp. 8–9, 17–19. Retrieved 2009-10-08. 18.Jump up ^ Esposito, John L. (2002-10-15). What everyone needs to know about Islam. Oxford University Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-19-515713-0. and Esposito, John (2005). Islam : the straight path (Rev. 3rd ed., updated with new epilogue. ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 2, 43. ISBN 978-0-19-518266-8. 19.Jump up ^ See: Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world’s Muslim population Iran, Israel and the United States Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population Sunnite. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 2010-08-26. They numbered about 900 million in the late 20th century and constituted nine-tenths of all the adherents of Islām. Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures. Marshall Cavendish. 2010. p. 352. ISBN 0-7614-7926-0. Retrieved December 19, 2011. A common compromise figure ranks Sunnis at 90 percent. Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the Worlds Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. October 7, 2009. Retrieved 2010-08-24. Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias. BBC News. 2011-12-06. Retrieved December 18, 2011. The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%. Sunni and Shia Islam. Library of Congress Country Studies. Retrieved December 17, 2011. Sunni constitute 85 percent of the worlds Muslims. Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA. USA Today. 2007-09-24. Retrieved December 18, 2011. Among the worlds estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite. Religions. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2010-08-25. Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the worlds Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide... Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community. Inside Muslim minds around 80% are Sunni Who Gets To Narrate the World The Sunnis (approximately 80%) A world theology N. Ross Reat 80% being the Sunni Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaat The Sunni segment, accounting for at least 80% of the worlds Muslim population A dictionary of modern politics probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni 20.Jump up ^ From Sunni Islam: See: Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni Religions. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Retrieved 8 December 2011. Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the worlds Muslim population Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world’s Muslim population Iran, Israel and the United States Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population A dictionary of modern politics probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the Worlds Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. October 7, 2009. Retrieved 2010-08-24. Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias. BBC News. 2011-12-06. Retrieved December 18, 2011. The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%. Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA. USA Today. 2007-09-24. Retrieved December 18, 2011. Among the worlds estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite. Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community. 21.Jump up ^ See Shīʿite. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 2010-08-25. Shīʿites have come to account for roughly one-tenth of the Muslim population worldwide. Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the Worlds Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. October 7, 2009. Retrieved 2010-08-24. The Pew Forums estimate of the Shia population (10-13%) is in keeping with previous estimates, which generally have been in the range of 10-15%. Some previous estimates, however, have placed the number of Shias at nearly 20% of the worlds Muslim population. Shia. Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs. Retrieved December 5, 2011. Shi’a Islam is the second largest branch of the tradition, with up to 200 million followers who comprise around 15% of all Muslims worldwide...[dead link] Religions. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2010-08-25. Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the worlds Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide... 22.Jump up ^ Breach of Faith. Human Rights Watch. p. 8. Retrieved March 29, 2014 date=June 2005. Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate Larry DeVries, Don Baker, and Dan Overmyer. Asian Religions in British Columbia. University of Columbia Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-1662-5. Retrieved March 29, 2014. The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world Juan Eduardo Campo. Encyclopedia of Islam. p. 24. ISBN 0-8160-5454-1. Retrieved March 29, 2014. The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million Ahmadiyya Muslims. pbs.org. Retrieved 6 October 2013. A figure of 10-20 million represents approximately 1% of the Muslim population. See also Ahmadiyya by country. 23.Jump up ^ Number of Muslim by country. nationmaster. Retrieved 2007-05-30. 24.Jump up ^ Nearly 1 in 4 people worldwide is Muslim, report says. CNN. 2009-10-12. 25.Jump up ^ The World Factbook. CIA Factbook. Retrieved 2010-12-08. 26.Jump up ^ According to some sources it is the third fastest-growing religion after Zoroastrianism and Baháí in relative numbers and second fastest-growing in absolute numbers after Christianity. Israel haven for new Bahai world order, Fastest Growing Religion 27.Jump up ^ The List: The Worlds Fastest-Growing Religions. Foreign Policy. May 14, 2007. Retrieved 2010-05-16. 28.Jump up ^ Islam Today. Islam: Empire of Faith (2000). PBS. Retrieved 2010-08-25. Islam, followed by more than a billion people today, is the worlds fastest growing religion and will soon be the worlds largest... No God But God. Thomas W. Lippman. U.S. News & World Report. April 7, 2008. Retrieved 2010-08-25. Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the worlds great monotheistic faiths. It is a unique religion based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions—modifying some and rejecting others. Understanding Islam. Susan Headden. U.S. News & World Report. April 7, 2008. Retrieved 2010-08-25. Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents. Adherents. Retrieved 2007-07-03. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Muslims. Ritual Prayer: Its Meaning and Manner The Islamic Supreme Council of America. Muhammad and the First Muslim Ummah University of Chicago. 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