Sanaag CeeriGaabo Somaliland Conferences (February 1991 – October 1993) While the various conflicts, meetings and conferences described thus far were taking place, a parallel process was occurring in Sanaag region. The reconciliation initiatives in this area were unquestionably of great importance in the wider History of Somaliland context. A total of fifteen of small conferences culminated in a grand conference in Erigavo between August and October 1993. The following is a list of the conferences, with abbreviated comment on the outcome of each : 1.December 1990 in El Qohle: ceasefire and share of grazing land agreed between Habar Yoonis and Warsangeli. 2. February 1991 in Yagoori: military ceasefire agreed between Dhulbahante and Habar Je’lo. 3. 18th June 1991 in Yubbe (Yubbe1): ceasefire agreed between Warsangeli and Habar Yoonis. 4. 6th-9th October 1991 in Yubbe (Yubbe 2): consolidation of ceasefire, and regulation of trade and agreement on borders between Warsangeli and Habar Yoonis. 5. 30th October 1991 in Oog: regulation of trade and prisoner exchange between Habar Yoonis, Habar Je’lo and Dhulbahante. 6. 10th May 1992 in El Qohle: agreement to strengthen security, regulate trade and enhance inter- community movement between Habar Je’lo and Warsangeli. 7. 1st-22nd June 1992 in Kulaal/Awrboogeys: final agreements on peace between Habar Je’lo and Dhulbahante. 8. 16th-21st August 1992 in Shimbiraale (Isuboodo): cessation of hostilities, return of looted property and agreement for each clan to assume responsibility for security in own area between Habar Je’lo, Warsangeli, Dhulbahante and Gahayle. 9. 1st September 1992 in Hudun: livestock exchange agreed between Dhulbahante & Habar Je’lo (SDRA/MCC, 1994) 10. 5th-9th November 1992 in Jiidali: agreement that each clan responsible for security in own area and selection of disputes resolution committee between Habar Yoonis & Warsangeli. 11. 23rd November – 1st December 1992 in Garadag (Jeegaan): agreement to convene a grand conference in Erigavo (provided Habar Yoonis support could be gained) between Habar Je’lo, Dhulbahante, Warsangeli and Gahayle. 12. 2nd January – 5th February 1993 in Dararweyne: cessation of hostilities and agreement by Habar Yoonis to host Erigavo conference, between Habar Yoonis and Dhulbahante (SDRA/MCC, 1994). 13. June 1993 in Yubbe (Yubbe3): confirmation that Habar Yoonis would host Erigavo conference and invite all Sanaag clans, between Warsangeli and Habar Yoonis. 14. June 1993 in Fiqifuliye: informal meeting to confirm invitation to Erigavo conference, between Habar Yoonis and Dhulbahante 15. June 1993 in El Afweyn: agreement that both clans would settle final difference in Erigavo, between Habar Je’lo & Habar Yoonis. 16. 19 th August – 11th November 1993 in Erigavo City : Sanaag Grand Peace and Reconciliation confer ence. A Peace Charter was agreed for the Sanaag Region, plus an administrative statute. All Sanaag clans were involved: Habar Je’lo, Habar Yoonis, Warsangeli, Dhulbahante, Gahayle and Jibraahiil As with other conferences, funding was primarily raised from the Somaliland community, with women playing a significant role in mobilising resources, and providing food and other urgent support. The role women played in mediating between clans was also particularly pronounced, though not unique, in Sanaag . This reflected the mix of clans in the area, and the high degree of inter-marriage that had traditionally occurred between them. By straddling clan lines, women were able to provide message courier services across the front-line when fighting took place, and on occasion found themselves quite literally forming a barrier between warring factions. A number lost their lives in these activities (Baar Saeed Faarah in APD, 2007e)
Posted on: Mon, 21 Jul 2014 19:53:06 +0000
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