this kind of articles ay maraming gamit lalo na kung di mo alam ang info Oh! I didn’t realize: ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 Just like many of the other grammatical principles that you have learned recently, creating a direct translation for ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 is very difficult. Instead, it is better to understand its usage and the subsequent meaning that it can possess. In any event, one attaches ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 to the end of a sentence that he/she did not realize or know before. Adding ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 to the end of a sentence is done in the following way: ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 attach directly to a verb or adjective in the present tense. (For example: 하구나, or 먹고 있구나)~구나, ~군 or ~군요 attach directly to 았/었 in the past tense. (For example: 먹었구나)~구나, ~군 or ~군요 attach directly to 이 in the ~ㄹ/을 것이다 future conjugation. (For example: 먹을 것이구나)~구나, ~군 or ~군요 attach directly to 거 in the future conjugation of ~ㄹ/을 거다. (For example: 먹을 거구나) Though they can be used in the future tense as shown above, I rarely use it in the future tense. As I mentioned, when one learns a new fact or piece of information, you can put ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 at the end of a sentence if to say “Oh, I didn’t realize/ know that…” For example: 어제는 저의 생일이었어요 = Yesterday was my birthday 어제 생일이었구나 = Oh! I didn’t realize/know that yesterday was your birthday! As you may have guessed, ~구나 and ~군 are used in informal situations and ~군요 is used in formal situations. Also note that ~구나, ~군 or ~군요 cannot connect two clauses, and that it must be used at the end of a sentence. ~ 구나 is pretty common in conversation – much more common than ~군. However, younger people commonly use ~군 when chatting on the internet or on their phones. Understanding this grammatical principle is best done through looking at (and dissecting) many example. So let’s do that. 과학선생님이군요! = Oh! I didn’t know that you are a science teacher. You could use this sentence if you were talking to a person and they just told you that they were a science teacher. Alternatively, if your friend just told you that some other man was a science teacher, you could say: 그는 과학선생님이구나! = Oh! I didn’t realize/know that he is a science teacher! 벌써 먹었구나 = Oh, I didn’t realize/know that you already ate 아들은 수영을 잘 하군요 = Oh, I didn’t realize that your son is good at swimming 네가 매우 똑똑하구나 = I didn’t realize/know that you are so smart 네가 방귀 꼈구나! = (I just realized that) you farted! 아~ 학생은 책을 안 가져왔구나 = Oh, you didn’t bring your book (I just realized that you didn’t bring your book) The most common word that this grammatical form attaches to is “그렇다.” When you say “그렇구나” or “그렇군요,” you are essentially saying “Oh, I didn’t realize that it is like that!” For example: Person 1: 슬기는 어디에 있어? = Where is Seulgi? Person 2: 슬기는 이미 집에 갔어 = Seulgi already went home Person 3: 그렇구나 = Oh… (I didn’t realize that fact) Again, it is always hard to translate these types of grammatical principles perfectly. Instead of relying on a somewhat unnatural translation to English, I suggest understanding how/why/when this grammatical principle should be used. The interesting thing is that sentences ending with “~구나/~군/~군요” have the feeling that one is speaking to him/herself. This “self-talking” isn’t really part of the conversation that you are having, and the speaker is kind of mumbling (without actually mumbling) to himself “Ah, I didn’t realize _______.” The question is, then, if that were the case, why would we need to use “군요?” Why would we need to use polite speech if this form is only used when talking to oneself? Well, you won’t see this is any other grammar book (I don’t think), because this is my personal opinion. I have been exposed to this form (in conversation, books, Korean tests, other writings, etc…) and the feeling is that the sentence said before “~구나/~군/~군요” ismostly said to oneself. I would say that, within one sentence, 90% of the feeling is that the speaker is speaking to him/herself. The remaining 10% is the speaker wanting to show the listener that he/she is surprised about the fact. Therefore, while technically “self-speech,” a part of the function of the sentence is to show the listener that the speaker is surprised. This is the reason why we should use honorifics if the situation calls for it (if you are speaking to somebody who deserves high respect) The important thing to realize in all of these sentences is that the speaker has JUST found out about a certain fact. This fact is typically revealed in the sentence immediately preceding the sentence containing ~구나, ~군 or ~군요.
Posted on: Wed, 05 Nov 2014 01:40:07 +0000
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