Chaturmasya Scientific background Chaturmasya starts from Ashada Shudda Dwadashi and ends on Kartika Shudda dashami. On Ashada Shudda dashami, all the yathis would have their head shaved. {Please note – Yathis are supposed to get their head shaved only on Pournami.} They are not suppose to get their head shaved during the entire Chaturmasya period. Some Yathis sits for Chaturmasya on Ashada Bahula Panchami, i.e., Teekarayara Aradhana Day. Chaturmasya comprises of Hindu Calender months Ashada, Shravana, Bhadrapada and Karthika. Chaturmasya Bhagavadroopa - Sridhara, Hrusheekesha, Padmanabha and Damodara are the niyamaka Bhagavadroopa for Chaturmasya Ashada shukla Ekadashi – The eleventh day in Ashada (Shayanaikadashi) , – it is on this day that Srimannaarayana, even though he is sleepless, hungerless, pretends to sleep, which is termed as “Yoga Nidra”. He sleeps till Karthika Shudda Dwadashi (Uttana Dwadashi) . Everybody must observe Chaturmasya - All Chaturvarnaas, viz.,Brahmana, Kshatriya, Shudra, Vaishya, all should observe Chaturmasya. All Chatur Ashramas viz., Brahmachari, Gruhasta, Vanaprasta and Sanyasi . Even Women irrespective of Rajaswala Period must observe Chaturmasya Vratha. The main purpose of observing Chaturmasya is Bhagavad AJnya (Srihari’s Orders). We are doing this to please paramathma only. Observing Chaturmasya gets more punya than what if we do other vrathas. If we perform we get more punya, if not performed, we will get sin. We are not doing Marriage, Upanayana etc during this Chaturmasya, as Srimannaaraayana will be on sleep, i.e., Yoganidre., Auspicious functions done during this time due to ignorance, can result in health disorders, injury and other calamities – as per Skanda Purana. Naming ceremony can be done. Those who are doing shraddha during the Chaturmasya, have to follow the Chaturmasya dharma, on shraddha day, prohibited items not to be used. Mauna bhojana vratha - During bhojana one must not talk to anybody (loukika topics). He must do only Harismarane only and do the bhojana. Dharana – PaaraNa vratha – Those who observe this vratha must take bhojana one day, next day, he must observe fasting. This vratha to be followed for four months if possible. If not possible, first month or last month also can be done. On the starting day of Dharanaparana vratha – the first fasting day, he has to do punyaahavaachana. Do sankalpa – On paarane day, he has to give argya to Narayana 108 times, then he has to do bhojana. After completion of vratha, he has to do udyapana. Give Lakshminarayana idol daana after doing pooja of that idol with panchamrutha. After completion, he has to arrange for bhojana of brahmana – suvasini. a) Sugreeva had done this for sin (paapa) parihaaraartha of Vaali nigraha, as instructed by Ramachandra. b) As per Krishna’s instructions paandavaas had done this when Dharmaraja was worried after killing his relatives. c) Naaradaru had done this in his previous birth and was jitendriya. This vratha enables us to have control of our indriyaas. Paraaka Vratha - This is a vratha, which can eliminate all sins committed by us. One who is doing this vratha, must do fasting for 12 continuous days. This he has to observe for three days (total 36 days). With this all sins including Brahmahatya dosha also would be eliminated. Eka Bhukta Vratha – During Chaturmasya period, before starting eating one has to get served all the items in the bhojana plate (baale ele). Till the completion of means he is not supposed to add anything on his plate. i.e., everything to be served before start of bhojana itself. But it does not apply to taking water. Akhanda Vratha – Every day he has to do bhojana only once (except Ekadashi). After bhojana, he is not supposed to take even water till next day bhojana. Atleast this can be done during Chaturmasya dinatrayaas, i.e., Dashami & Dwadashi and must arrange for Brahmana-suvasini bhojana. ChandraayaNa vrata This vratha to be done from Ashada shukla paaDya to amaavaasye or from Karthika Shukla paaDya to amaavaasye. Procedure 1– On the starting day, i.e, on Paadya, mix all the items prepared after naivedya as a single handful (1 ತುತ್ತು) and eat it. Take only one glass of water. Second day, similarly take 2 handful of food (2 ತುತ್ತು), third day take 3 handful of food (3 ತುತ್ತು), and so on. Increase one handful for each day. Ekadashi nothing to be taken. On the fifteenth day take 15 handful of food. On sixteenth day (Krishna paksha paadya) take 15 handful and maximum same no of cups of water, on dwiteeya 14 handful and go on reducing one handful each day. On last day of the month (ashada Amavasye or Karthika amavasye), he must observe fasting (upavaasa). In this way, one month full vratha to be done. Next day, he has to arrange for brahmana-suvaasini mrustaanna bhojana, he also to take normal food. There is no necessity of doing udyapana. Procedure 2 – Paadya to Amavasye on all days (except on Ekadashi & Amavasye, where he has to fasting, i.e., upavasa) – one has to take daily 8 handful of bhojana after hari nivedana. Maximum 8 glass of water to be taken. On Amavasye day, he has to do fasting. Next day he has to arrange for brahmana – suvaasini mrustanna bhojana. He too can take normal food. Diksaadhana vratha – Doing bhojana sitting facing different directions. We have to do bhojana facing east, south, west, north respectively in the four months starting Ashada Shudda Dwadashi to Kartika Shudda dashami. Period Direction Ashada Shudda Dwadashi to Shravana shudda dashami East Shravana Shu Dwadashi to Bhadrapada shudda dashami South Bhadrapada Shu Dwadashi to Ashwayuja shudda dashami West Ashwayuja Shu Dwadashi to Kartika Shudda dashami North Gopadma Vratha – During the Chaturmasya period starting from Ashada Shudda Dwadashi, this vratha to be followed. In the cow-shed, one must clean it with cowdung daily, and write the picture of a cow with calf. The picture should be covered with 33 padmaas (written in rangoli). Do the pooja of antargatha roopi in cow – Gopalakrishna and do the shodashopachara pooja. Naivedya to be done. 33 argya to be given with the mantra – aShTadravya samaayuktaM svarNapaatrasthitaM jalaM | arGyaM gRuhaaNa dEvEsha bhaktaanaamabhayaprada | ಅಷ್ಟದ್ರವ್ಯ ಸಮಾಯುಕ್ತಂ ಸ್ವರ್ಣಪಾತ್ರಸ್ಥಿತಂ ಜಲಂ | ಅರ್ಘ್ಯಂ ಗೃಹಾಣ ದೇವೇಶ ಭಕ್ತಾನಾಮಭಯಪ್ರದ | अष्टद्रव्य समायुक्तं स्वर्णपात्रस्थितं जलं । अर्घ्यं गृहाण देवेश भक्तानामभयप्रद । Then 33 pradakshine and namaskara to be daana. Cow should be worshipped with gandha, pushpa, haridra kumkuma, gross to be given to cow. In this way, this vratha to be conducted for five years, and in the end of the fifth year udyapana to be done. Rules of the Chatrumasya Vratha - On Ashada Shudda Ekadashi – one must get Taptamudra dharana. We should do Sankalpa that we are performing Chaturmasya Vratha.– व्रतानां वक्ष्यमाणानां सन्कल्पं विधिवत् चरेत् । नैमित्तिकानां काम्यानां नित्यानां च तथैव च । ವ್ರತಾನಾಂ ವಕ್ಷ್ಯಮಾಣಾನಾಂ ಸನ್ಕಲ್ಪಂ ವಿಧಿವತ್ ಚರೇತ್ | ನೈಮಿತ್ತಿಕಾನಾಂ ಕಾಮ್ಯಾನಾಂ ನಿತ್ಯಾನಾಂ ಚ ತಥೈವ ಚ | vrataanaaM vakShyamaaNaanaaM sankalpaM vidhivat charEt | naimittikaanaaM kaamyaanaaM nityaanaaM cha tathaiva cha | Ist Month – Shakavratha – Ashada Shudda Ekadashi to Shravana Shudda Dashami – Shakavratha sankalpa शाकव्रतं मयादेव गृहीतं पुरतस्तव । निर्विघ्नं सिद्धिमायातु प्रसादात् तव केशव ಶಾಕವ್ರತಂ ಮಯಾದೇವ ಗೃಹೀತಂ ಪುರತಸ್ತವ | ನಿರ್ವಿಘ್ನಂ ಸಿದ್ಧಿಮಾಯಾತು ಪ್ರಸಾದಾತ್ ತವ ಕೇಶವ | shaakavrataM mayaadEva gRuhItaM puratastava | nirviGnaM siddhimaayaatu prasaadaat tava kEshava Vegetables to avoided - Plant based food - All Vegetables, Fruits, plant leaves, stems, branches, Dry Chillies, Green Chillies, Coconuts (Vyasaraja mutt followers accepts coconut as per their sampradaya) Permitted Items – All Dalls, (Gramdall after Teekarayara anchami), Mango fruit, Jeera, Pepper, Milk, Curds, Ghee, Honey, ingu, dry nellikai, Mango baalaka (dry mango), Dry ginger (ಒಣಶುಂಠಿ). But Mustard not permitted (For Rayara Mutt Mustard is permitted – as per sampradaya – Rayaru was using). grapes, Kesari, Pachakarpoora, jakayi, japatre, elachi, lavanga, moggu, not to be used. Shaka Samarpana Mantra : उपायमिदं देव व्रतसंपूर्ति हेतवे । शाकं तु द्विजवर्याय सहिरण्यं ददाम्यहं । ಉಪಾಯಮಿದಂ ದೇವ ವ್ರತಸಂಪೂರ್ತಿ ಹೇತವೇ | ಶಾಕಂ ತು ದ್ವಿಜವರ್ಯಾಯ ಸಹಿರಣ್ಯಂ ದದಾಮ್ಯಹಂ | upaayamidaM dEva vratasaMpUrti hEtavE | shaakaM tu dvijavaryaaya sahiraNyaM dadaamyahaM | Scientific reason - for shaaka vratha : Why one must observe Shaakavratha during the period Ashada Shukla Ekadashi to Shravana Shudda Dashami ? - As Chandra will be in Poorvashada nakshatra, during this month, this month is called as Ashada. Normally, during this month, Sun will be in Aardra nakshatra, Punarvasu and Pushya nakshatras. Sun also will enter Karkataka Rashi, which day will be called as Dakshinayana punyakaala. During this period, the heat of the sun will be reduced when compared to Uttarayana punyakaala, the power of moon will be more. As the power of Sun is being reduced and Moons power will be increased, the heat in the body of the human/animals also is subject to change. That is why some rules have been for food. This vratha is called as Shaka vratha. Shaka means vegetables or heat. During this period more vegetables would be grown with the assistance of new rain and the heat inside the bhoomi. When the rainy season starts, the water goes inside the bhoomi, the temperature inside the bhoomi will be dissolved in the vegetable crops, resulting in the temperature already raised in the earlier months tend to increase further in our body. Many bacterias would be developed. Further the insects would come out and would join the roots of the vegetables. The vegetables, tamarind, green chillies, pickles, fruits, etc., would have more heat, As such, during this period vegetables are banned as per ayurvaada also. But the temperature required for our body can be got from other items which we are eating in this month sufficiently. 2ND month Dadhi Vratha Shravana Shudda Ekadashi to Bhadrapada Shudda Dashami - During this period, curds should not be used in any form or manner while preparing naivedya. However, buttermilk, a derivative of curds, is allowed. dadhivrata sankalpa ದಧಿವ್ರತ ಸಂಕಲ್ಪ dadhi bhaadrapadE maasi varjayiShyE sadaa harE | imaM kariShyE niyamaM nirviGnaM kuru kEshava | ದಧಿ ಭಾದ್ರಪದೇ ಮಾಸಿ ವರ್ಜಯಿಷ್ಯೇ ಸದಾ ಹರೇ | ಇಮಂ ಕರಿಷ್ಯೇ ನಿಯಮಂ ನಿರ್ವಿಘ್ನಂ ಕುರು ಕೇಶವ | दधि भाद्रपदे मासि वर्जयिष्ये सदा हरे । इमं करिष्ये नियमं निर्विघ्नं कुरु केशव । dadhivrata samarpaNa - उपायनमिदं देव वृतसंपूर्ति हेतवॆ । द्विजवर्याय दास्येहं सहिरण्यम् घनं दधि। ಉಪಾಯನಮಿದಂ ದೇವ ವೃತಸಂಪೂರ್ತಿ ಹೇತವೆ | ದ್ವಿಜವರ್ಯಾಯ ದಾಸ್ಯೇಹಂ ಸಹಿರಣ್ಯಮ್ ಘನಂ ದಧಿ| upaayanamidaM dEva vRutasaMpUrti hEtave | dvijavaryaaya daasyEhaM sahiraNyam GanaM dadhi| Scientific reason - for Dadhi vratha (Curds) : This period is from Shravana Shudda dwadashi to Bhadrapada shudda dashami. Curds is more heat and it raises the fat in our body. Already heat is increased during the earlier months in Uttarayana, and eating of curds may raise more heat, which may result in health obstacles. During this period, cow and other milk giving animals would be engaged in mithuna kriya. The cow milk would have more quality of unhealthy quality. As such curds is prohibited and majjige (buttermilk) is used, which can result in cooling of the temperature in the body. As such, Curds is avoided in this month. ———————————————————————————————- 3rd month – KSHEERA VRATHA – Bhadrapada Shudda Ekadashi to Ashwayuja Shudda Dashami - During this period, milk should not be used in any form or manner while preparing naivedya. This restriction includes milk derivatives like kene (cream of milk), cheese or other dairy products, but excludes curds. For payasa – we can use Coconut Milk. Ksheeravrata sankalpa - ಕ್ಷೀರವ್ರತಮಿದಂ ದೇವ ಗೃಹೀತಮ್ ಪುರತಸ್ತವ | ನಿರ್ವಿಘ್ನಂ ಸಿದ್ಧಿಮಾಯಾತುಪ್ರಸಾದಾತ್ ರಮಾಪತೇ | क्षीरव्रतमिदं देव गृहीतम् पुरतस्तव । निर्विघ्नं सिद्धिमायातुप्रसादात् रमापते । kShIravratamidaM dEva gRuhItam puratastava | nirviGnaM siddhimaayaatuprasaadaat ramaapatE | kShIravrata samarpaNa mantra - उपायनमिदं देव व्रुतसंपूर्ति हेतवॆ । क्षीरंतु द्विजवर्याय सहिरण्यं ददाम्यहं । ಉಪಾಯನಮಿದಂ ದೇವ ವ್ರುತಸಂಪೂರ್ತಿ ಹೇತವೆ | ಕ್ಷೀರಂತು ದ್ವಿಜವರ್ಯಾಯ ಸಹಿರಣ್ಯಂ ದದಾಮ್ಯಹಂ | upaayanamidaM dEva vrutasaMpUrti hEtave | kShIraMtu dvijavaryaaya sahiraNyaM dadaamyahaM | Scientific reason for ksheera vratha During the varsha rutu - rain will be coming, and gross, the main food of cow is grown in plenty during this period. This new gross would contain ushnaamsha of the bhoomi. As the cows would be eating the gross, the ushnaamsha in the milk will be more. We may be surprised at this. The gross do have different categories, one is shunti hullu. If the cow eats this gross, even the milk would have the smell of shunti. Similarly in the other gross also, the same effect would be there. Further, the cows which are involved in mithuna kriya during the previous period, would have conceived. The milk from the cows which are just conceived are not helpful for our body. As such, milk is prohibited during this month. ============================================================================= 4th MONTH – DVIDALA VRATHA Ashwayuja Shudda Ekadashi to Karthika Shudda Dashami During this period, one should avoid DvidaLaas and bahu-bIja vegetables. DvidaLa refers to any seed or vegetable which when broken or fried splits into two halves. Examples of such items are All Dalls, green peas (baTani). Bahu-bIja refers to any fruit or vegetable that contains multiple seeds and is covered by an external skin. Examples of such items are apples, grapes, pomegranate, cucumber and so on. Vegetables & others permitted – a) banana and banana products like balekai, Baledindu, Bale Flower, etc. b) White Dantu soppu, Agase Soppu, Karimevu, Doddipatre soppu, etc. c) Genasu, Suvarna Gadde, Saamegadde, Coconut, ginger d) Potata (Only Udupi side people are taking it) e) Pacha karpoora can be used for theertha (some are using) If Dwidala vratha is not observed, it is just like eating insects. dvidaLavrata sankalpa ಕಾರ್ತಿಕೇ ದ್ವಿದಳಂ ಧಾನ್ಯಂ ವರ್ಜಯಿಷ್ಯೇ ಸದಾ ಹರೇ| ಇಮಂ ಕರಿಷ್ಯೇ ನಿಯಮಂ ನಿರ್ವಿಘ್ನಂ ಕುರು ಕೇಶವ | kaartikE dvidaLaM dhaanyaM varjayiShyE sadaa harE| imaM kariShyE niyamaM nirviGnaM kuru kEshava | कार्तिके द्विदळं धान्यं वर्जयिष्ये सदा हरे। इमं करिष्ये नियमं निर्विघ्नं कुरु केशव । dvidaLa samarpaNa mantra - उपायनमिदं देव व्रतसंपूर्ति हेतवे । द्विदळं द्विजवर्याय सहिरण्यं ददाम्यहं । ಉಪಾಯನಮಿದಂ ದೇವ ವ್ರತಸಂಪೂರ್ತಿ ಹೇತವೇ | ದ್ವಿದಳಂ ದ್ವಿಜವರ್ಯಾಯ ಸಹಿರಣ್ಯಂ ದದಾಮ್ಯಹಂ | upaayanamidaM dEva vratasaMpUrti hEtavE | dvidaLaM dvijavaryaaya sahiraNyaM dadaamyahaM | Scientific reason for dwidala vratha - It is during this period only that the dwidala dhaanyas are coming afresh. The atmosphere would have temperature (ushnaamsha). Our digestion power is reduced. That is why tamarind, vegetables are restricted. Eating vegetables during the period would reduce the capacity of our body. As such, they are restricted during the period. After completion of Dwidala vratha, i.e.., on Kartika Shudda Ekadashi, we have to give daana of dvidala dhaanyaas, vegetables, fruits, to brahmana with dakshine and say Krishnarpanamastu. ಅನಿರುದ್ಧ ನಮಸ್ತುಭ್ಯಂ ದ್ವಿದಳಾಖ್ಯವ್ರತೇನ ಚ | ಮತ್ಕತೇನಾಶ್ವಿನೇ ಮಾಸಿ ಪ್ರೀತ್ಯರ್ಥಂ ಫಲದೋ ಭವ | अनिरुद्ध नमस्तुभ्यं द्विदळाख्यव्रतेन च । मत्कृतेनाश्विने मासि प्रीत्यर्थं फलदो भव । aniruddha namastubhyaM dvidaLaaKyavratEna cha | matkRutEnaashvinE maasi prItyarthaM phaladO bhava | इदं व्रतं मया देव कृतं प्रीत्यै तव प्रभो । न्यूनं संपूर्णतां यातु त्वत्प्रसादात् जनार्धन। ಇದಂ ವ್ರತಂ ಮಯಾ ದೇವ ಕೃತಂ ಪ್ರೀತ್ಯೈ ತವ ಪ್ರಭೋ | ನ್ಯೂನಂ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣತಾಂ ಯಾತು ತ್ವತ್ಪ್ರಸಾದಾತ್ ಜನಾರ್ಧನ| idaM vrataM mayaa dEva kRutaM prItyai tava prabhO | nyUnaM saMpUrNataaM yaatu tvatprasaadaat janaardhana| Items which can be used during Dwidala Vratha - Rice, Wheat, Jeera, Black pepper, sesame seeds, jaggery, asafoetida, ellu (ಅಕ್ಕಿ, ಗೋಧಿ, ಜೀರಿಗೆ, ಮೆಣಸು, ಬೆಲ್ಲ, ಸಕ್ಕರೆ ,ಇಂಗು ) , amla powder (ಮಾವಿನಕಾಯಿ ಪುಡಿ), coconut (ತೆಂಗಿನಕಾಯಿ, ಕೊಬ್ಬರಿ), maida hiTTu, akkihiTTu, godhi hiTTu, rava (soji), turmeric, ghee, oils, Mustard (ಸಾಸಿವೆ) can be used for Rayara Mutt followers. Milk, Curds, Butter, etc…. Vegetables - White Dantu soppu, doddipatre soppu, curry leaves, suvarna gadde, geNasu, shaame gadde, broken wheat, ಬಿಳಿ ದಂಟು ಸೊಪ್ಪು, ದೊಡ್ಡಿಪತ್ರೆ ಸೊಪ್ಪು, ಕರಿಮೇವು, ಸುವರ್ಣ ಗಡ್ಡೆ, ಗೆಣಸು, ಶಾಮೆ ಗಡ್ಡೆ, plantains (banana fruits, banana kai, banana flower, banana dindu – ಬಾಳೆಹಣ್ಣು, ಬಾಳೆದಿಂಡು, ಬಾಳೆಕಾಯಿ, ಬಾಳೆ ಹೂವು,) Udupi mutts potato ಆಲೂಗಡ್ಡೆ, maavina kaayi, shunti (ginger)Some of the receipes which can be prepared - Chatni pudi ಚಟ್ನಿ ಪುಡಿ - of curry leaves ಕರಿಮೇವು using kobbari ಕೊಬ್ಬರಿ), jeerige, menasu, amla powder, etc Chatni ಚಟ್ನಿ – using shunti, kobbari, etc….. U can also use baale hoovu and prepare chatni meNasina saaru ಮೆಣಸಿನ ಸಾರು – using pepper, jeera, amla powder (add milk and name it as haalu menasina saaru) Kootu ಕೂಟು – made of baalekai, genasu gojju ಗೊಜ್ಜು – baalekayi or genasu raayata ರಾಯತ – of baalekayi or genasu or baaledindu, jeera raayata paayasa ಪಾಯಸ – akki paayasa, haalu paayasa, appipaayasa, rave paayasa, godhi paayasa, coconut payasa, etc kosambari ಕೋಸಂಬರಿ – baalehannu and baaledindu palya ಪಲ್ಯ of baalekaayi, genasu or suvarna gadde or shaamegadde chitranna ಚಿತ್ರಾನ್ನ – maavinakaayi, jeera, menasu, chitranna Tovve ತೊವ್ವೆ – as no dall can be used – u can well prepare tovve ತೊವ್ವೆ using the some portion of ಕೂಟು or ಹುಳಿ tambuli ತಂಬುಳಿ – ತಂಬುಳಿ – made of doDDipatre soppu & jeerige will be very tasty majjige huLi ಮಜ್ಜಿಗೆ ಹುಳಿ – ಮಜ್ಜಿಗೆ ಹುಳಿ – same ingredients in the process of preparing huLi or kootu – add majjige bonda ಬೋಂಡ varieties - baale kayi bonda, geNasu bonda, dantu soppu bonda, akki ambode, baalekayi chips, genasu chips, suvarna gadde chips, etc.., ravaa bonda, Dose ದೋಸೆ – akki hittu dose, neeru dose, maida dose, wheat dose, kobbari dose, etc poori ಪೂರಿ – wheat poori, chapaati, idli ಇಡ್ಲಿ – rava idli, akki idli, Sweets – Akki Halva, Wheat Halva, maida halva, rava laddu, dudh peda, coconut burfi, holige, kadabu, sajjige, baadaam puri, sakkare holige, etcrotti – akki rotti, danTu soppu rotti, raagi rotti, raagi mudde ರಾಗಿ ಮುದ್ದೆ with subji of geNasu, baaLekaayi etc kaayi ganji ಕಾಯಿ ಗಂಜಿ - made of akki, jeera, curry leaves Source : Chaitraadimaasa kartavyagalu by Sri Chaturvedi Vedavyasachar Chaturmasya by Sri Vyasanakere Prabhanjanacharya Vratamuktaavali by Mantralaya Rayara Mutt HKS Raos Chatrumasa Acharane vaijnaanika drustiyalli Chikkerur Srikantacharya;s Chaturmasya
Posted on: Mon, 07 Jul 2014 11:56:56 +0000
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